Advancements in Non-Invasive Imaging Techniques for Early Detection of Prostate Disorders: A Review

  Mwende Wairimu G.                                     

School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

Prostate disorders, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer, pose significant health challenges, particularly for aging male populations. Early and accurate detection of these conditions is critical to improving prognosis, guiding treatment decisions, and reducing patient morbidity. Traditionally, diagnostic techniques such as digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, and prostate biopsy have been widely used. However, these methods are often invasive, uncomfortable, and may carry risks of complications, leading to a growing demand for less invasive alternatives. Recent advancements in non-invasive imaging techniques offer promising solutions for the early detection and diagnosis of prostate disorders. This review examines a wide range of innovative imaging modalities, including multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and novel approaches such as elastography and molecular imaging. We explore the underlying principles, technical developments, clinical applications, and comparative efficacy of these modalities. Special attention is given to their sensitivity, specificity, and ability to detect prostate abnormalities at early stages, reducing the need for invasive procedures. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in enhancing imaging accuracy and interpretation is discussed. By summarizing the current landscape of non-invasive imaging, this review highlights the potential of these technologies to improve prostate disorder detection, reduce unnecessary biopsies, and shape future clinical practices in urology.

Keywords: Prostate disorders, Non-invasive imaging, Early detection, Multiparametric MRI, Ultrasound imaging, Artificial intelligence (AI)

CITE AS: Mwende Wairimu G. (2024). Advancements in Non-Invasive Imaging Techniques for Early Detection of Prostate Disorders: A Review. IAA Journal of Scientific Research 11(3):14-18. https://doi.org/10.59298/IAAJSR/2024/113.1418