Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hypertension in East Africa: A Comparative Study

Bwanbale Geoffrey David

Faculty of Pharmacy Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, is increasingly prevalent in East Africa due to rapid urbanization, lifestyle changes, and shifting dietary patterns. This comparative study examines the prevalence and associated risk factors for hypertension in five East African countries—Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and Rwanda—focusing on urban-rural disparities and contributing factors such as obesity, salt intake, physical inactivity, alcohol use, and tobacco consumption. Findings reveal higher hypertension rates in urban areas compared to rural regions, driven by unhealthy diets, sedentary lifestyles, and stress. While countries like Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania report higher prevalence rates, Ethiopia and Rwanda have relatively lower rates, but emerging risks associated with urbanization. The study underscores the need for targeted public health interventions that promote healthier lifestyles, enhance healthcare access, and raise awareness about hypertension across the region. Collaborative efforts are essential to mitigate the growing burden of hypertension and its impact on cardiovascular health in East Africa.

Keywords: Hypertension, East Africa, prevalence, cardiovascular disease, risk factors, urban-rural disparities.

CITE AS: Bwanbale Geoffrey David (2025). Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hypertension in East Africa: A Comparative Study. IAA Journal of Applied Sciences 13(1):20-24. https://doi.org/10.59298/IAAJAS/2025/131.20240